Đề cương ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12

Nội dung tài liệu: Đề cương ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12

1. FULL NAME: ________________ CLASS 12___ COMPARISONS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS. I. Equal comparison. (so sánh bằng) 1.Affirmative(KĐ) Formation (cách thành lập ) adjective noun/ S2 + am/is/are/ was/ were S1 + Verb + as + + as adverb pronoun/S2 + do/does.(O) Examples: - He is as tall as his father. - My book is as interesting as yours. - His car runs as fast as a race car. 2. Negative ( Unequal comparison)(PĐ) (so sánh không bằng) S + be + not + as/ so + adj + as + S (be) / O S + does/ do/ did + not + + S (does/ do/ did )/ O EX: - His job is not so difficult as mine. Không khó = * Less than tương tự như not as/ so as EX: This sum is less difficult than that one. Không khó = * Khi nói gấp bao nhiêu lần ta dùng cấu trúc twice/ three times as + adj/ adv + as EX: Their house is twice as big as ours. * Khi muốn nói tương tự như ta dùng cấu trúc the same as + N * EX: Tom is the same age Dick. = Tom is as old as Dick. EX: My salary is the same as An’s. II. comparative form (so sánh hơn) 1. Formation. short adj + er noun/ S2 S1 + V + short adv + er + than + + do/does (O) more + long adj/ adv pronoun + am /is/ are 2. Examples - This chair is more comfortable than the other. - John is richer than Peter. - Lan is more beautiful than her sister. - He speaks English more fluently than I. 3. Cách thêm “er” (1) Nếu tính từ tận cùng “e” thì ta chỉ thêm “r” - large larger (rộng hơn) - wide wider (rộng hơn) (2) Nếu tính từ có một nguyên âm duy nhất đứng trước 1 phụ âm cuối , phải gấp đôi phụ âm cuối trước khi thêm “er” (-ow) low lower - thin thinner (ốm hơn) - hot hotter (nóng hơn) (3) Nếu tính từ tận cùng bằng “-y” phía trước là phụ âm thì chuyển thành “i” trước khi thêm “er” - dry drier (4) Nếu tính từ ”> 2 vần tận cùng bằng er, et, le, ow, “-y” phía trước là phụ âm thì chuyển thành “i” trước khi thêm “er - happy happier (hạnh phúc hơn), narrow narrower - pretty prettier (xinh đẹp hơn), simple simpler (5) Các trường hợp ngoại lệ. - good (adj) /well(adv) better (tốt hơn) # bad (adj) / badly(adv) worse (tệ hơn) - few + N đđ/ little + N kđđ fewer/ less (ít hơn) # many +Nđđ/ much+ Nkđđ more (nhiều hơn) - far farther (khoảng cách có đo được)/ further (xa hơn) - He has less time than he had before. - I have more books than Sue. III. Superlative of Adjectives and Adverbs (So sánh nhất của tính từ và trạng từ )
2. 1. Formation short Adj + est in + danh từ đếm được số ít S + V + the most + long Adj + N (danh từ) least + long Adj of + danh từ đếm được số nhiều - John is the tallest boy in the family. - This book is the most interesting of all. 2. Các trường hợp ngoại lệ. - good/ well the best (tốt nhất) # bad/ badly the worst (tệ nhất) - little the least (ít nhất) # many/ much the most (nhiều nhất) - far the farthest/ furthest (xa nhất) - He is the best student in our class. - He is the worst student in our class. DOUBLE COMPARISON (SO SÁNH KÉP) Ta dùng so sánh kép để chỉ một cái gì đó đang thay đổi. Có hai loại so sánh kép 1. Comparative + and+ comparative (lũy tiến) (càng lúc càng) EX: The problem is becoming worse and worse. EX: The weather is getting colder and colder. EX: She is getting richer and richer. EX: This room is more and more comfortable . 2. the + comparative, the + comparative ( đồng tiến) (càng càng) Cấu trúc này được sử dụng để miêu tả một thay đổi nào đó quyết định tới sự thay đổi của một cái khác. The longer the journey is, the more expensive the ticket is. The older you get, the harder it becomes to find a job. The richer he is, the more friends he has. The more we get together, the happier we are. Exercise 1: Complete the comparisons of the adjectives ADJ comparative Superlative similarity ADJ comparative superlative similarity 1- cheap Cheaper The cheapest as cheap 17-interesting as 2- fast 18- early 3- big 19- happy 4- short 20- old 5- good 21- hard 6-noisily 22- young 7- easy 23- heavily 8- hot 24- cold 9- bad 25- lazy 10- new 26- happily 11- clever 27- simple 12- narrow 28- graceful 13- beautiful 29-intelligent 14- fluently 30-
3. comfortable 15-expensive 31- useful. 16- important 32- difficult 17- long 33- careful 18- small 34- nice Exercise 2: Choose the best answer; 1. Sarah is ____ at chemistry than Susan. A. good B. well C. better D. best 2. I don’t work so hard ____ my father. A. so B. as C. than D. more 3. Sam is the ____ student in my class. A. tall B. most tall C. taller D. tallest 4. No one in my class is ____ beautiful ____ her. A. as/as B. more/as C. as/than D. the/more 5. He works ____ we do. A. harder B. as hard as C. harder D. so hard as 6. I know him ____ than you do. A. better B. more well C. good D. the best 7. Ann is 18 years old. Sue is 20 years old. Ann is ____ Sue. A. older than B. younger than C. older D. younger 8. Tom drives ____ than Jim does. A. carefully B. more careful C. careful D. more carefully 9. The little boy spoke English ____ his brother. A. more fast B. fast than C. the fastest D. faster than 10. China is the country with the ____ population. A. larger B. large C. most large D. largest 11. .The economic conditions today are _______ they were in the past. A. much more good B. much better than C. much better D. the best than 12. The deep oceans contain some of the ______ of all living creatures. A. strangest B. strange C. as strange as D. stranger 13. Mr. Lam cannot earn _______ his wife. A. as many money as B. as much money as C. as many money than D. as much money than 14. Mary is ______ in our class. A. prettier B. more pretty C. most pretty D. the prettiest 15. She is the______ daughter in the family. A. older B. more old C. eldest D. oldest 16. Jane is not______ her brother. A. more intelligent as B. intelligent as C. so intelligent as D. so intelligent that 17. The ______ accident in the history of the city occurred last night on the Freeway. A. badest B. most bad C. worse D. worst 18. He finished the test _______ of all. A. rapidly B. the most rapidly C. most rapidly D. more rapidly 19. His job is ______ as mine. A. not so difficult B. not that difficult C. nor so difficult D. not more difficult 20. This is _____ man of all I’ve ever known. A. best B. better C. good D. the best 21. Ms. Jones isn't as nice _______ Ms. Smith. A. as B. for C. like D. to
4. 22. Everyone looks much _______today than they did yesterday. A. happy B. more happily C. happily D. happier 23. My young brother grew very quickly and soon he was _______ my mother. A. more big than B. so big than C. as big as D. too big than 24. He is not _______tall as his father. A. the B. so C. than D. more 25. John’s grades are _______than his sister’s. A. higher B. more high C. high D. the highest 26. Deana is the _______ of the three sisters. A. most short B. shorter C. shortest D. more short 27. She speaks English as _______as her friend does. A. good B. well C. better D. the best 28. Of the three shirts, this one is the _______. A. prettier B. most prettiest C. prettiest D. most pretty 29. The baby’s illness is _______ than we thought at first. A. bad B. worst C. worse D. badly 30. Today is the _____________day of the month. A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. hottest than 31. He works more _____________ than I. A. slow B. slowly C. slowest D. most slowly 32. My book is as _____________ as yours. A. good B. well C. better D. the best 33. It’s _____________to go by bus than by car. A. cheaper B. cheapest C. more cheap D. more cheaper 34. That house is _____________one on the street. A. oldest B. the oldest C. old D. older 35. This hotel must be_____________ than the small one next door. A. expensive B. more expensive C. the most expensive D. the more expensive 36. An orange is _____________ than a plum. A. more large B. more larger C. larger D. the largest 37. What is the _____________ thing you have ever done? A. more difficult B. most difficult C. difficulty D. difficult than 38. This river is _____________than that river. A. narrow B. narrowest C. narrower D. most narrow 39. The test is not _____________ difficult _____________ it was last month. A. as / as B. so / as C. more / as D. A and B 40. Peter usually drives _____________ Mary. A. more fast B. more fast than C. faster than D. B and C 41. My brother sang _____________of all the pupils of the group. A. more beautifully B. the most beautifully C. less beautifully D. most beautifully 42. This play is _____________than the one we saw last week. A. as good B. good C. more good D. better 43. The exam was quite easy; it was _____________we expected. A. more easy that B. more easy than C. easier than D. easier as 44. The story was really boring. It was _____________ I’ve ever read. A. most boring story B. the more boring story C. the story more boring D. the most boring story 45. Australia’s one of _____________ places in the world for holiday. A. good B. the best C. better D. better 46. Mai dances as_____________ as Lan. A. gracefully B. graceful C. graceless D. grace
5. 47. She can dance the _____________ in this club. A. most beautifully B. most beautiful C. beautifulest D. beautifully 48. Jack is now_____________ than he used to be. A. happy B. happier C. happiest D. more happy 49. She plays the piano __________________ as she sings. A. as beautifully B. more beautifully C. as beautiful D. the most beautifully Exercise 3: Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting 1. Peter plays the piano better I can . A B C D 2. Mary looks more prettier than she used to be. A B C D 3. Your computer works fast than mine . A B C D 4. This machine is not so modern than that one. A B C D 5. “Tomorrow Never Die” is one of the more exciting films. A B C D 6. Most babies will grow up to be as cleverer as their parents. A B C D 7. New York is the larger of all American cities. A B C D 8. This car is more economical as that one. A B C D 9. All the athletes are trying to run as fastly as they can. A B C D 10. Rice is most important in Vietnam. A B C D 11. Richard feels good than several days ago. A B C D 12. Mary and Daisy are both intelligent students. Mary is so intelligent as Daisy. A B C D 13. I found the conversation as most interesting and I was glad to practice my English. A B C D 14. The Caspian Sea, a salt lake, is the largest than any other lakes in the world. A B C D 15. He drives the car more dangerous than his brother does. A B C D 16. It was the most biggest building that I had ever seen. A B C D 17. I wish my house were so large as Jone’s. A B C D 18. The Mekong is one of the longer rivers in the world. A B C D 19. She can play the piano more good than her sister. A B C D 20. Many people believe that New York is the most great city in America A B C D 21. Jessica is only an amateur, but she sings well than most professionals A B C D
6. 22. This house is more spacious as that white house I bought in Rapid City, South Dakota last year A B C D 23. They asked a lot of questions, checked their figures, and came up with best solution A B C D 24. Almost everyone has heard the more famous Olympic saying: “Stronger, Higher, Faster.” A B C D 25. Louise is the more capable of the three girls who have tried out for the part in the play. A B C D 26. This telephone isn’t as cheap the other one, but it works much better. A B C D 27. Stories are the most good way of teaching moral lessons to young people. A B C D 28. The first skill to learn is how to write only the more important words, not whole sentences A B C D 29. It is certainly true that the average woman has weaker muscles that the average man. A B C D 30. In 1925, he joined the advertising department of Doubleday Page and Company, one of the most large A B C publishing houses in New York. D